ABS: Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene

Acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS) ipurasitiki iyo inonzi terpolymer, polymer ine matatu matatu akasiyana monomers. ABS inogadzirwa nepolymerizing styrene uye acrylonitrile pamberi pe polybutadiene. Acrylonitrile inogadzira monomer inoumbwa nepropylene neammonia nepo butadiene iri petroleum hydrocarbon, uye iyo styrene monomer inogadzirwa ne dehydrogeneration ye ethyl benzene. Dehydrogenation chinhu chemakemikari maitiro ayo anosanganisira kubviswa kwehydrogen kubva kune yakasarudzika mamorekuru uye ndiyo yekumashure kwehydrogenation. Dehydrogenation inoshandura alkanes, ayo ari inert uye nekudaro akadzika-kukosha, kune olefini (kusanganisira alkenes), ayo anoita zvekare uye nekudaro akakosha. Dehydrogeneration maitiro anoshandiswa zvakanyanya kugadzira aromatics uye styrene mu petrochemical indasitiri. Kune mhando mbiri: Imwe ndeyekuburitswa kwemaumbirwo uye imwe yacho inonzi thermoplastic inoshandiswa zvigadzirwa zvakaumbwa. Mitezo yeABS inowanzo kuve hafu styrene pamwe neyakagadzikana pakati pe butadiene neacrylonitrile. ABS inosangana mushe nezvimwe zvinhu senge polyvinylchloride, polycarbonate, uye polysulphones. Izvi zvinosanganiswa zvinobvumidza huwandu hwakawanda hwezvinhu uye mashandisiro.

Nhoroondo, ABS yakatanga kugadzirwa panguva yeWWII sekutsiva rabha. Kunyangwe zvaive zvisina kubatsira mukushandisa ikoko, zvakave kuwanikwa zvakanyanya kune zvekushambadzira muma1950. Nhasi ABS inoshandiswa mune rakasiyana boka rekushandisa kusanganisira matoyi. Semuenzaniso, LEGO® mabhuroko akagadzirwa kubva pairi nekuti akareruka uye akasimba kwazvo. Zvakare kuumbwa patembiricha dzakakwirira kunovandudza kubwinya uye kupisa-kupisa kwechinhu uku kuumba pane yakaderera tembiricha kunoguma yakanyanya kukanganisa kuramba uye kusimba.

ABS is amorphous, zvinoreva kuti haina chaiyo yekunyungudika tembiricha asi pane girazi shanduko tembiricha iri ingangoita 105◦C kana 221◦F. Iyo ine yakakurudzirwa inoenderera sevhisi tembiricha kubva -20◦C kusvika 80◦C (-4◦F kusvika 176◦ F). Iyo inogona kupisa kana yakaiswa kune yakanyanya tembiricha senge iyo inogadzirwa neakavhurika murazvo. Kutanga inozonyungudika, yozobika, yobva yaputika kuita marimi anopisa zvakanyanya ipurasitiki painopisa. Zvakanakira izvi ndezvekuti ine yakadzikama kujeka kugadzikana uye inoratidza kuomarara kunyangwe pazvakadzika tembiricha. Chimwe chinokanganisa ndechekuti kana kupisa ABS kunoguma nekukwira utsi hwekugadzira.

ABS inowanzoshorwa nemakemikari. Iyo inodzivisa aqueous acids, alkalis, uye phosphoric acids, yakanyanyisa hydrochloric alcohol uye mhuka, miriwo uye mamineral emafuta. Asi ABS inorwiswa zvakaomarara nemamwe ma solvents. Kugara kwenguva refu nezvinonhuwirira zvinonhuhwirira, ketoni uye esters hazvipe zvibereko zvakanaka. Iyo ine mashoma mamiriro ekunze kuramba. Kana ABS yatsva, inogadzira huwandu hwakawanda hweutsi. Chiedza chezuva chinoshatisawo ABS. Kuitwa kwayo mubhatani rekusunungura bhatani remotokari kwakakonzera kuyeuka kukuru uye kwakanyanya kudhura munhoroondo yeUS. ABS inopesana nemhando dzakasiyana-siyana dzezvinhu zvinosanganisira yakakwenenzverwa acids, sanganisa acid uye alkalis. Inoita zvisirizvo nemafuta anonhuwirira uye halogenated mahydrocarbon.

Hunhu hwakakosha kwazvo hweABS kukanganisa-kuramba uye kuomarara. Zvakare ABS inogona kugadziriswa kuitira kuti iyo nzvimbo ive inopenya. Vagadziri vematoyi vanoshandisa iyo nekuda kwehunhu uhwu. Ehezve, sezvakataurwa, mumwe wevanonyanya kuzivikanwa vashandisi veABS ndeye LEGO® yeavo ane mavara, anopenya matoyi ekuvaka. Iyo inoshandiswa zvakare kugadzira zviridzwa zvemimhanzi, gorofu makirabhu misoro, zvekurapa zvigadzirwa zvekuwana ropa, inodzivirira musoro, magwa machena emvura, mukwende, uye kutakura makesi.

IABS ine chepfu here?

ABS haina kana kukuvadza mukuti haina chero inozivikanwa carcinogens, uye hapana anozivikanwa asina kunaka hutano mhedzisiro inoenderana nekuratidzwa kuABS. Izvo zvakati, ABS kazhinji haina kukodzera kudyara kwekurapa.

Ndezvipi zvinhu zveABS?

ABS yakasimba kwazvo yakasimba, ndosaka ichishandiswa muzvinhu zvakaita sekugara kamera, inodzivirira dzimba, uye kurongedza. Kana iwe uchida isingadhuri, yakasimba, yakaoma epurasitiki inobata zvakanaka kune ekunze kukanganisa, ABS isarudzo yakanaka.